Resources

Land Use and Farm Preservation

Leasing land for solar: a farmer’s perspective

  • Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9MmCxa-Zb8w
    Center for Energy Education segment: after 15 years of farming, North Carolina farmer David leased part of his land to a solar company; the lease income carries his family through low-harvest years, and fertile farmland will pass to his children when the project is decommissioned.
  • A Landowner’s Guide to Solar Leases (Nexamp) 
    • Social media
      • Hashtag set: #solarfarm #familyfarm #farming #crops #lease #northcarolina #solar #savefarms #supportlocalfarms #farmlife

The life cycle of a solar farm, start to finish

Solar does not take away prime farmland

Fields return to agricultural production after the lease term

Solar outperforms corn ethanol as an energy crop

Guidebooks and Extended Resources 

A Farmer’s Guide to Going Solar (U.S. Department of Energy)

InSPIRE program  Innovative Solar Practices Integrated with Rural Economies and Ecosystems (Funded by the US Department of Energy; managed by National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR))

Local Environmental Impacts and Benefits of Large-Scale Solar PV Plants

New York Solar Guidebook — NYSERDA

Solar@Scale: A Local Government Guidebook — American Planning Association

Water and Soil Health

Solar panel materials are safe and compatible with healthy watersheds

Responsible construction protects topsoil, drainage, and vegetation

Stormwater, runoff, and water quality

Guidebooks and Extended Resources 

Best Practices: Photovoltaic Stormwater Management Research and Testing (PV-SMaRT) — Great Plains Institute / NREL / Univ. of Minnesota / Fresh Energy

Where does the water go? Stormwater management in the solar energy future—1-hour webinar plus Q&A (2022); includes a stormwater runoff calculator tool and best practices recommendations for local and state permit officials; Fresh Energy, GPI, and NREL 

Balancing Agricultural Productivity with Ground-Based Solar PV Development — NC Clean Energy Technology Center white paper (soils, vegetation, and site management) 

Biodiversity and Rural Character

Birds and wildlife thrive at well-designed solar farms

Solar farms are quiet; debunking the common objections

Viewshed, screening, and preserving rural character

Guidebooks and Extended Resources 

Pollinator & Wildlife Friendly Solar Farms — the good, the bad and the bees! — GreenHome Institute webinar (1 hour)


Argonne National Laboratory Solar Soils project resource page — field research on habitat, soils, and biodiversity at operating solar sites 


Local Environmental Impacts and Benefits of Large-Scale Solar PV Plants — IRENA & IUCN

Agrivoltaics  and Pollinator Health

What is agrivoltaics, and how does it benefit farmland?

Solar farms benefit pollinators

  • Video: https://www.pbs.org/video/pollinator-friendly-solar-efvvfv/
    Emmy-winning PBS segment on Minnesota’s North Star Solar Array, where 1,200 acres of native grasses and blooms under the panels support pollinators, beekeepers, and local honey production alongside clean energy.
  • Making the Case for Solar Beekeeping — Center for Rural Affairs / AgriSolar Clearinghouse
    • Social media hashtag set (#PollinatorFriendly #SolarFarm #Sustainability #SaveTheBees #CleanEnergy #WildflowerMeadow #GreenLiving #EcoFriendly #Minnesota #RenewableEnergy)

Agrivoltaics support soil health

Farmer-first solar programs support community solar

Guidebooks and Extended Resources 

Agrivoltaics in New York State — Alliance for Clean Energy New York 


Agrivoltaics — Yale Center for Business and the Environment report 


The 5 Cs of Agrivoltaic Success Factors in the United States — NREL (about the InSPIRE research project, the most comprehensive U.S. agrivoltaics study) 


Solar Soil Health Guide — American Farmland Trust (2025)


Save the Farm, Save the Future — PBS documentary (1 hour)  

How Solar Works, Panel Properties, and Decommissioning

How solar panels generate electricity

Solar panel efficiency depends on absorbing light; reflective properties are minimized, making it safe to use panels even near airports

Safe panel recycling and funded decommissioning are standard requirements for all solar installations

A solar panel’s lifetime carbon footprint is very small

Guidebooks and Extended Resources 

Health and Safety Impacts of Solar Photovoltaics — NC Clean Energy Technology Center white paper


Photovoltaics End-of-Life Action Plan — U.S. DOE Solar Energy Technologies Office 


End-of-Life Solar Panels: Regulations and Management — U.S. EPA


Decommissioning fact sheets and resource guides — Center for Rural Affairs publications library

Benefits for Local Economy, Jobs, and Property Values

Benefits to communities and to farmer-landowners

Homes near solar farms retain their value

Jobs and workforce development

Local control, home rule, and landowners’ property rights

  • video resource [ADD]
  • Property Rights — American Clean Power Association
    • Social media

Guidebooks and Extended Resources 

Shedding Light on Large-Scale Solar Impacts — Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (the six-state, 1.8-million-transaction property value study)


Selling Into the Sun — Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (the multi-state rooftop-solar home premium study, with fact sheets and slide deck) 

Best Practices for Negotiating Community Benefit Agreements

Early, transparent, meaningful community engagement

Community benefits of distributed and community solar

Guidebooks and Extended Resources 

Community Engagement in Energy Transitions — Cornell Atkinson Center whitepaper and landing page 

New York Solar Guidebook for Local Governments — NYSERDA (Nov. 2025): the central municipal reference covering permitting, RPTL § 487 and PILOTs, SEQR, the model law, agricultural districts, and decommissioning 

  • NYSERDA offers free one-on-one technical assistance for local governments implementing the Guidebook

NREL’s “Community Solar 101” slide deck

Siting Considerations, Regulations, and Local Control (Home Rule)

Why solar is sited near substations, and how projects connect to the grid

Electromagnetic fields (EMF)

Model zoning: what a good local solar law looks like

Guidebooks and Extended Resources 

NYSERDA: a complete model zoning law with lot-size, setback, and height appendices and an example decommissioning plan

Solar@Scale: A Local Government Guidebook — American Planning Association (siting and zoning chapters)

Potential for Solar+Storage

Storage makes solar reliable and affordable

Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are safe, tested, and code-governed

Solar plus storage can retire expensive, polluting peaker plants

  • Video: https://www.tiktok.com/t/ZP8sweTYc/
    Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) balance supply and demand across the day, stabilizing the grid, helping prevent blackouts, and reducing the need for fossil peaker plants — which are costly, highly polluting, and usually sited in historically disadvantaged communities
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Guidebooks and Extended Resources 

NY-BEST Battery Energy Storage Safety and Best Practices Resource Library — the deep battery-storage reference collection, organized from introductory through technical 


Understanding Solar+Storage: Answers to Commonly Asked Questions About Solar PV and Battery Storage — Clean Energy Group handbook


Large-Scale Solar and Battery Storage Toolkit — Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC) 

 

Assessment of Potential Impacts of Fires at BESS Facilities — Fire & Risk Alliance for American Clean Power (Sept. 2025)

Reference Pages

Center for Rural Affairs publications library — dozens of downloadable solar fact sheets (decommissioning, dual use, taxes, soil health, beekeeping)
 
 
 
Clean Grid Alliance fact sheets and reports (Midwest, state-by-state)
 
 
 
Rebutting 33 False Claims About Solar, Wind, and Electric Vehicles — Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, Columbia Law School